Losing one species may barely shake a diverse ecosystem, yet removing one crucial component can make the whole system fail.

An ecosystem can look permanent, then collapse or transform dramatically without any catastrophe.

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Coral reefs depend on coral for microhabitats, shelter, breeding grounds, and relationships with…

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A keystone organism supports many others by providing habitat, shelter, or places to reproduce.

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Genetic diversity lets species cope with environmental change. Isolation and small populations…

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Destructive fishing, pollution, and ocean acidification weaken or kill coral, depriving dependents…

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In rainforests, plants, herbivores, seed dispersers, decomposers, and soil nutrients reinforce one…

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The tighter biodiversity’s three dimensions interconnect, the denser, more stable, and more…

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