When Douglas fir faces stress or disease, it sends warning signals that help neighboring trees strengthen their defenses.

When an understory Douglas fir is shaded, a birch tree can send it about 10 percent of its carbon.

@nature

Mother trees recognize kin and send more carbon to related seedlings, especially when the mother…

@nature

Scientists found traces of salmon-derived nitrogen preserved in tree rings for centuries.

@nature

Shared fungal networks act like a public immunization system, with birch-associated bacteria…

@nature

Salmon nourish forests, forests support rivers, and rivers feed a cycle connecting salmon, oceans,…

@nature

Invisible human connections can sustain people through severe illness, just as forest networks…

@nature

Carbon moving through fungal networks increases understory seedlings’ survival, growth, and health.

@nature

Professional intimidation did not invalidate sound science. Challenging the status quo requires…

@nature