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Judging often takes the skill itself

When judging needs skill

In logic, performing and judging are practically the same thing, so a weak logician has little to catch their own errors with. Sports are different. A golfer whose ball veers right into the poison ivy gets the verdict from the trees.

Missing outside models

The second warning sign is a lack of exposure to outside models. A person who thought he was a pretty good cello player heard a recording by Jacqueline du Pré and realized he hadn't known you could do that with the instrument.

Both cases come down to what a person has to measure against. Where the work shows its own mistakes, or where a far better version is within earshot, the gap shows up. Where neither is true, it can stay out of sight.

Why is logic hard to judge without the skill?

Abstract logic puzzles trip up most people. In the Wason selection task, introduced by Peter Wason in 1966, only a small minority choose the right cards when the rule is stated in terms of letters and numbers. In 1982, Richard Griggs and James Cox showed that most people solve the same structure when it is framed as checking a drinking-age rule. The logic was identical in both versions.

How did Jacqueline du Pré reach fame so young?

Jacqueline du Pré, born in England in 1945, made her professional debut as a cellist at 16. In 1965, at 20, she recorded Elgar's Cello Concerto with conductor John Barbirolli, a recording still ranked among the best of the work. Multiple sclerosis forced her to stop performing in 1973, and she died in 1987 at 42.

More from Matthew Hutson

Mind & BehaviorCredentials feel like competence everywherePeople take soft cues about themselves, like a Harvard degree or a Nobel Prize, as proof of competence in fields they never studied.
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